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Grammar · particles · を

を — the object marker

One small hook that marks the thing an action happens to — what you drink, watch, read, or buy.

The short version

を attaches to the direct object — the noun on the receiving end of the verb. It marks what gets eaten, drunk, seen or bought, and sits right before the verb. (It's written but pronounced just like "o".)

みず— drink water (object = 水)
映画えいが— watch a movie (object = 映画)

Marking what the action hits

Whatever the verb does, を points at the target. Here it marks the movie being watched:

(I) watch a movie. (object = 映画)
(I) drink water. (object = 水)

With が-taking verbs too

を marks the object of a normal action verb — but remember a big group of "feeling/ability" words (好き, できる, ある) mark their target with instead. Here 読む ("read") is a plain action verb, so its object 本 takes を, and the whole act of reading is then liked with が:

I like reading books. (本を読む = read books)

Watch out

🗣 In casual speech, を is the first thing to go. Between friends it's routinely dropped when the object is obvious — 「ごはんべた?」 for 「ご飯を食べた?」 ("did you eat?"), 「これて」 for 「これを見て」 ("look at this"). The を comes back the moment the sentence turns polite or formal.
を isn't only for objects. With motion verbs it can mark the space passed through or the place leftみちあるく (walk along the road), いえる (leave home). Same hook, "the thing the motion involves".
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